Eligibility Guide 2026

Can You Donate Plasma With Diabetes? Type 1, Type 2 & Insulin Guide

Last Updated: February 2026
Medical Eligibility
14 min read

Quick Answer

Type 2 diabetes on oral medications (metformin, glipizide, etc.): Usually YES, you can donate plasma. Type 1 diabetes or insulin-dependent: Usually NO, most centers defer insulin-dependent donors. The key factor is not the diagnosis itself but whether you use insulin injections and whether your diabetes is well-controlled without serious complications.

Diabetes affects over 37 million Americans, and many of them wonder whether they can still earn money through plasma donation. The answer is not a simple yes or no. It depends on your diabetes type, the medications you take, how well your blood sugar is controlled, and whether you have developed any complications from the condition. This comprehensive guide covers every angle of diabetic plasma donation so you can walk into a center knowing exactly where you stand and what to expect during screening.

The short version: if you manage Type 2 diabetes with pills like metformin and your blood sugar is reasonably controlled, you can almost certainly donate plasma. If you inject insulin for any reason, whether Type 1 or Type 2, most centers will turn you away. The rest of this guide explains exactly why, which medications are acceptable, how to prepare for donation day, and what complications might disqualify you even if you meet the basic criteria.

Type 1 vs Type 2 Diabetes: Eligibility Differences

Plasma centers draw a sharp line between Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes. The distinction matters because these two conditions involve fundamentally different risks during the donation process, and the treatments they require place donors in very different safety categories.

Type 2 Diabetes: Usually Accepted

Type 2 diabetes is a metabolic condition where your body becomes resistant to insulin or does not produce enough of it. This is by far the more common form, accounting for roughly 90-95% of all diabetes cases. Most people with Type 2 manage their condition with oral medications, dietary changes, and exercise. Because these donors typically do not inject insulin, they are accepted at the vast majority of plasma collection centers across the country.

To be eligible with Type 2 diabetes, you generally need to meet all of the following criteria:

Type 1 Diabetes: Usually Deferred

Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune condition where the immune system attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. People with Type 1 produce little to no insulin naturally and require daily insulin injections or an insulin pump to survive. This absolute dependence on exogenous insulin is the primary reason most plasma centers defer Type 1 diabetics from donating.

The deferral is not a judgment on your overall health, your ability to manage your condition, or your character. It is a safety-based policy rooted in specific medical risks that insulin use introduces during the plasma collection process. Even if you have excellent A1C numbers and use a continuous glucose monitor with an insulin pump, the policy at most major chains remains the same.

FactorType 2 DiabetesType 1 Diabetes
Typical eligibilityAccepted at most centersDeferred at most centers
Insulin useUsually oral meds onlyRequires insulin injections or pump
Blood sugar stabilityGenerally more predictableMore prone to sudden fluctuations
Autoimmune componentNoYes
Complication risk during donationLowerHigher
Hypoglycemia risk during donationModerate (manageable)Significant (potentially dangerous)

Why Insulin Use Matters for Plasma Donation

If you use insulin injections of any kind, you will most likely be deferred from donating plasma at every major center in the United States. This is not an arbitrary rule. There are three specific, well-documented medical reasons why insulin use creates unacceptable risks in the plasma donation setting.

1. Injection Site Infection Risk

Plasma donation involves inserting a large-gauge needle into a vein in your arm. The needle stays in place for 45 to 90 minutes while your blood is drawn, the plasma is separated via centrifuge, and the remaining blood components are returned to your body. For people who also inject insulin multiple times daily, the cumulative needle exposure significantly increases the risk of localized infections, vein scarring, and complications at the venipuncture site.

There is also a practical screening concern: center staff need to verify that any injection marks on the body are from legitimate medical use and not from illicit drug use. Multiple injection sites create additional screening burden, and centers prefer to minimize these complications by deferring insulin-dependent donors entirely.

2. Blood Sugar Instability During the Donation Process

The plasma donation process lasts between 45 and 90 minutes depending on your body weight and the volume of plasma being collected. During this time, several things happen that can affect blood sugar in unpredictable ways:

For insulin-dependent diabetics, these fluctuations are substantially more dangerous. Their bodies cannot self-regulate glucose levels the way a non-diabetic body or an oral-medication-managed body can. A sudden drop in blood sugar (hypoglycemia) during donation could cause dizziness, fainting, seizures, or in extreme cases, loss of consciousness. The center staff, while trained in basic emergency response, are phlebotomists and technicians, not endocrinologists. They are not equipped to manage diabetic crises as a routine part of their workflow.

3. Plasma Quality and Pharmaceutical Concerns

Donated plasma is not used directly for transfusions in most cases. Instead, it is sold to pharmaceutical manufacturers who process it into life-saving therapies for patients with immune deficiencies, hemophilia, clotting disorders, and other serious conditions. These manufacturers must meet strict quality standards set by the FDA and international regulatory bodies.

Exogenous insulin in the bloodstream can affect the composition and protein profile of the donated plasma. While the exact impact depends on the type and dose of insulin, plasma collection companies prefer to avoid any variables that could complicate their manufacturing processes or compromise the quality of the end products that patients depend on.

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Recommended Products for Diabetic Plasma Donors

Diabetes Medications That Are Accepted for Plasma Donation

Not all diabetes medications are treated the same when it comes to plasma donation eligibility. The critical distinction is between oral medications (pills), non-insulin injectables, and insulin itself. Understanding which category your medications fall into can save you a wasted trip to the center.

Oral Medications: Accepted at All Major Centers

MedicationDrug ClassAccepted?Notes
Metformin (Glucophage)BiguanideYesMost common diabetes drug; universally accepted
Glipizide (Glucotrol)SulfonylureaYesStimulates natural insulin production
Glyburide (DiaBeta)SulfonylureaYesMay cause low blood sugar; eat before donation
Glimepiride (Amaryl)SulfonylureaYesOnce-daily dosing; widely accepted
Sitagliptin (Januvia)DPP-4 InhibitorYesOral tablet; low hypoglycemia risk
Linagliptin (Tradjenta)DPP-4 InhibitorYesNo dose adjustment needed
Empagliflozin (Jardiance)SGLT2 InhibitorYesIncreases urination; stay extra hydrated
Dapagliflozin (Farxiga)SGLT2 InhibitorYesSame hydration note as Jardiance
Canagliflozin (Invokana)SGLT2 InhibitorYesDrink extra water on donation days
Pioglitazone (Actos)ThiazolidinedioneYesImproves insulin sensitivity

If you take any of these medications alone or in combination, you should have no medication-related barriers to donating plasma. The key word is "oral." These are all pills that you swallow, and they work by helping your body use its own insulin more effectively or by reducing glucose production in the liver.

Non-Insulin Injectables: Usually Accepted

This category is where many donors get confused, and where unnecessary deferrals sometimes happen due to screening staff not recognizing the difference between insulin and GLP-1 receptor agonists. Several newer diabetes and weight-loss medications are injected with a pen device but are categorically NOT insulin. These medications help your pancreas produce its own insulin more effectively in response to meals, slow stomach emptying, and reduce appetite.

MedicationBrand NameAccepted?Notes
SemaglutideOzempic, Wegovy, Rybelsus (oral form)Yes (usually)Extremely common; not insulin despite being injected
LiraglutideVictoza, SaxendaYes (usually)Daily injectable GLP-1 agonist
DulaglutideTrulicityYes (usually)Once-weekly injection
ExenatideByetta, BydureonYes (usually)Available in twice-daily and weekly versions
TirzepatideMounjaro, ZepboundYes (usually)Dual GIP/GLP-1 agonist; newer drug, always confirm

Important: GLP-1 Medications vs Insulin

If you use Ozempic, Trulicity, Mounjaro, or a similar GLP-1 medication, make sure to clearly explain to the screening nurse that your injection is NOT insulin. Some staff members may initially flag any injectable medication as a disqualifier. Bring your prescription label, medication pen, or pharmacy printout to show them the drug name and class. This small step can prevent an unnecessary deferral that wastes your time.

Insulin and Plasma Donation: The Full Picture

Insulin is the bright-line dividing factor for diabetic plasma donation eligibility. If you inject insulin of any type, whether rapid-acting like Humalog or NovoLog, long-acting like Lantus, Levemir, or Tresiba, or use an insulin pump, you will almost certainly be deferred at every major U.S. plasma center.

Why the Policy Is So Strict

Exceptions and Edge Cases

Some donors report being accepted at certain locations despite using insulin. These cases are rare and typically involve one of the following scenarios:

If you are insulin-dependent and want to explore your options, call the center's medical director or physician on staff before making the trip. Explain your specific situation, insulin type and dose, A1C level, and overall health. This five-minute phone call can save you a wasted two-hour visit and potential frustration.

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Blood Sugar Requirements at Screening

Every plasma donation begins with a health screening. For diabetic donors, this screening takes on added importance because your blood sugar status when you arrive at the center can determine whether you donate that day or get sent home, even if you are generally eligible on paper.

What the Standard Screening Checks

The pre-donation screening at every plasma center includes the following measurements:

How Blood Sugar Affects Your Screening

Most plasma centers do not perform a formal fasting blood glucose test or A1C check as part of the standard screening process. However, they will defer you for the day if you display signs of uncontrolled blood sugar, including:

Some centers, particularly on your first visit, may perform a finger-stick glucose reading as part of the physical examination. While there is no universally published blood sugar cutoff number, donor reports and industry guidelines suggest the following general thresholds:

Blood Sugar Ranges for Donation Day

  • Ideal range: 80-150 mg/dL at time of arrival
  • Acceptable: 70-200 mg/dL (may vary by center and medical director)
  • Likely deferral: Below 70 mg/dL or above 200 mg/dL
  • Definite deferral: Any visible symptoms of hypo- or hyperglycemia, regardless of actual number

Managing Blood Sugar Around Donation Days

If you have Type 2 diabetes and are eligible to donate, managing your blood sugar around donation days is the single most important thing you can do to ensure smooth, successful sessions. The plasma donation process puts your body under mild physiological stress, and smart preparation makes the difference between a successful donation and a frustrating deferral.

The Day Before Donation

The Morning of Donation

During the Donation

After Donation

Diabetic Complications That Disqualify You

Even if you have Type 2 diabetes managed entirely with oral medications and your blood sugar is well-controlled, certain long-term complications of diabetes can make you ineligible for plasma donation. These complications indicate that the disease has progressed to a point where the donation process could be unsafe for you or could compromise the quality of your plasma.

Diabetic Neuropathy

Peripheral neuropathy, which is nerve damage caused by prolonged exposure to high blood sugar, affects the extremities, particularly the feet and hands. This condition is relevant to plasma donation for several reasons:

Diabetic Retinopathy

Damage to the tiny blood vessels in the retina is one of the hallmark complications of long-term diabetes. Plasma centers may defer donors with diagnosed retinopathy because:

Diabetic Kidney Disease (Nephropathy)

Kidney damage from diabetes is perhaps the most significant disqualifying complication because the kidneys play a direct role in the physiological processes affected by plasma donation:

Other Disqualifying Complications

10 Essential Tips for Diabetic Plasma Donors

If you have Type 2 diabetes and meet the eligibility requirements, these practical tips will help you have successful, safe, and comfortable donation sessions every time.

Diabetic Donor Checklist

  1. Eat a protein-rich meal 2-3 hours before donation: Protein stabilizes blood sugar far better than carbohydrates alone. Good options include grilled chicken with vegetables, eggs with whole grain toast, fish with brown rice, or a bean-and-cheese burrito on a whole wheat tortilla
  2. Hydrate aggressively starting the day before: Dehydration concentrates blood sugar and makes venous access harder, which can slow down your donation and lead to multiple needle sticks. Aim for 80+ ounces of water the day before and another 16-20 ounces the morning of
  3. Bring your glucose monitor to every session: Check before entering the center and again after finishing your donation. Knowing your numbers gives you peace of mind and helps you identify patterns over time
  4. Pack your own diabetic-friendly snacks: Nuts, cheese sticks, low-sugar protein bars, or peanut butter crackers are all excellent choices. Do not rely solely on the center's free snacks, which are often cookies and sugary juice that can spike your blood sugar after donation
  5. Keep glucose tablets in your bag or car: If your blood sugar trends low during or after donation, fast-acting glucose tablets can bring it back up within 15 minutes. This is a simple, inexpensive safety net that every diabetic donor should carry
  6. Take your medication on your normal schedule: Do not skip or adjust your metformin, glipizide, or any other oral diabetes medication for donation day. Consistent medication adherence keeps your blood sugar predictable
  7. Avoid donating when you are sick: Any illness, even a mild cold, affects blood sugar control and immune function. If you feel unwell, reschedule your appointment. One missed session is better than a medical complication
  8. Schedule morning appointments when possible: Blood sugar tends to be most stable and predictable in the morning after a balanced breakfast. Afternoon and evening fluctuations are more common, especially if your lunch was heavier or lighter than usual
  9. Always disclose your diabetes and full medication list: Tell the screening nurse about your condition every time, even if they already have it in your file. This protects you by ensuring the staff is prepared to watch for any diabetes-related issues during your session
  10. Monitor your blood sugar for 24 hours after each donation: Some donors notice their blood sugar runs higher or lower than usual for up to a full day after donating. Check your glucose more frequently than normal, especially before bed on donation day

Pre-Diabetes and Plasma Donation

Pre-diabetes is a condition where blood sugar levels are higher than normal but have not yet reached the threshold for a Type 2 diabetes diagnosis. It is defined as an A1C between 5.7% and 6.4%, or a fasting blood glucose of 100-125 mg/dL. An estimated 96 million American adults have pre-diabetes, and many of them are unaware of their condition.

Can You Donate Plasma With Pre-Diabetes?

Yes, without reservation. Pre-diabetes does not disqualify you from donating plasma at any major center. You are not taking insulin, your blood sugar levels are only mildly elevated above the normal range, and you have not developed the complications associated with full-blown diabetes. From a plasma center's perspective, you are functionally a normal, healthy donor.

In many cases, people with pre-diabetes are not even aware of their status because symptoms are minimal or nonexistent. If you have been told you have pre-diabetes and are otherwise healthy:

If You Take Metformin for Pre-Diabetes

Some physicians prescribe metformin as a preventive measure for patients with pre-diabetes, particularly those who are at high risk of progressing to Type 2 diabetes. Taking metformin for pre-diabetes does not affect your plasma donation eligibility in any way. Metformin is universally accepted at all major plasma centers regardless of whether it is prescribed for pre-diabetes, Type 2 diabetes, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), or any other condition. Simply list it on your medication questionnaire and you will proceed through screening as normal.

Gestational Diabetes and Plasma Donation

Gestational diabetes develops during pregnancy when hormonal changes cause insulin resistance. It affects approximately 2-10% of pregnancies in the United States and typically resolves after delivery when hormone levels return to normal.

Key Points for Women With a History of Gestational Diabetes

Center-by-Center Policies for Diabetic Donors

Each major plasma collection company maintains its own medical guidelines, though the general principles are remarkably consistent across the industry. The table below summarizes what you can expect at each major chain.

CenterType 2 (Oral Meds)Type 1 / InsulinNotes
CSL PlasmaAcceptedDeferredLargest U.S. network; strict and consistent insulin policy
BioLife Plasma (Takeda)AcceptedDeferredMedical director review possible for borderline cases
Octapharma PlasmaAcceptedDeferredFollows standard industry deferral for insulin users
Grifols / Biomat USAAcceptedDeferredMedical director may review edge cases at some locations
BPL PlasmaAcceptedDeferredStandard industry deferral applies
GCAM PlasmaAcceptedDeferredFollows FDA guidance on insulin deferral
KEDPLASMAAcceptedDeferredSmaller chain; policies align with industry standards
ImmunoTekAcceptedDeferredGrowing chain; standard policies for diabetic donors

Pro Tip: Always Call Ahead

Policies can vary between individual locations of the same chain, especially when a local medical director has discretion over borderline cases. Before making the trip, call the specific center you plan to visit and ask: "I have [Type 1 or Type 2] diabetes managed with [name your specific medications]. Am I eligible to donate at your location?" This two-minute phone call can save you an hour-long wasted visit and potential frustration.

What to Bring to Your First Visit as a Diabetic Donor

If this is your first time visiting a plasma center and you have diabetes, bring the following items to make the screening process as smooth as possible:

Medical Disclaimer: This article provides general information about plasma donation eligibility for people with diabetes. It is not medical advice and should not replace consultation with your physician. Plasma donation policies and individual medical recommendations vary. Always consult your healthcare provider before beginning plasma donation if you have diabetes or any other medical condition. Follow your doctor's guidance regarding blood sugar management, medication use, and whether plasma donation is appropriate for your specific health situation.

Next Steps for Diabetic Plasma Donors

Frequently Asked Questions

Can you donate plasma if you have Type 2 diabetes?

Yes, in most cases. If your Type 2 diabetes is well-controlled with oral medications like metformin or glipizide and you have no serious complications such as kidney disease, neuropathy, or retinopathy, most plasma centers will accept you. You must pass the standard health screening including blood pressure, weight, hematocrit, and protein levels. Your blood sugar should be stable and within an acceptable range at the time of each donation.

Can Type 1 diabetics donate plasma?

Usually no. Most plasma centers in the U.S. defer Type 1 diabetics because they require insulin injections to manage their condition. The primary concerns are the risk of hypoglycemia during the donation process, injection site complications, blood sugar instability when fluid volumes change, and the autoimmune nature of the condition. A few smaller or independent centers may evaluate on a case-by-case basis, but all major chains including CSL Plasma, BioLife, Octapharma, and Grifols maintain a standard deferral policy for insulin-dependent donors.

Can I donate plasma if I take metformin?

Yes. Metformin is an oral medication and is accepted at virtually every plasma donation center in the country, including CSL Plasma, BioLife, Octapharma, and Grifols. Metformin works by reducing glucose production in the liver and improving insulin sensitivity. It does not affect the plasma collection process, does not alter plasma quality, and does not create the hypoglycemia risks associated with insulin injections. Simply list it on your medication questionnaire during the health screening.

Does donating plasma affect blood sugar levels?

It can cause temporary fluctuations in either direction. The saline solution returned to your body during the apheresis process can dilute blood glucose and cause a temporary dip. Conversely, the stress response from the donation process may trigger cortisol release, which raises blood sugar. Fasting or eating too little before donation can cause blood sugar to drop further. Diabetic donors should check their glucose before and after every donation, eat a balanced protein-rich meal 2-3 hours beforehand, bring glucose tablets as a safety net, and monitor for delayed effects for up to 24 hours afterward.

Can I donate plasma if I take Ozempic or another GLP-1 medication?

Generally yes. Ozempic (semaglutide), Trulicity (dulaglutide), Mounjaro (tirzepatide), Victoza (liraglutide), and other GLP-1 receptor agonists are not insulin, even though some of them are administered by injection. They work by stimulating your body's own insulin production in response to food, slowing stomach emptying, and reducing appetite. Because they are categorically different from exogenous insulin, they do not carry the same hypoglycemia risks during donation. However, policies can vary by location, so confirm with your specific center before your first visit. Bring your medication pen or prescription label to show staff that your injection is a GLP-1 agonist and not insulin.

What blood sugar level disqualifies you from donating plasma?

Most centers do not publish exact numerical cutoffs, but general industry practice suggests that blood glucose above 200 mg/dL or below 70 mg/dL at the time of screening will result in a same-day deferral. Any visible symptoms of hyperglycemia (excessive thirst, blurred vision, fruity breath) or hypoglycemia (shakiness, sweating, confusion, rapid heartbeat) will also result in deferral regardless of your actual glucose reading. The ideal blood sugar range for donation day is roughly 80-150 mg/dL, with most centers accepting readings up to about 180 mg/dL without issue.

Can I donate plasma if I have pre-diabetes?

Yes, without any special restrictions. Pre-diabetes, defined as an A1C between 5.7% and 6.4% or a fasting blood glucose of 100-125 mg/dL, does not disqualify you from donating plasma at any major center. You are not on insulin, your blood sugar is only mildly above the normal range, and you have not developed diabetes-related complications. From the plasma center's perspective, donors with pre-diabetes are essentially treated the same as non-diabetic donors. If you take metformin as a preventive measure for pre-diabetes, that medication is also fully accepted.

Will plasma centers know I have diabetes if I don't tell them?

You are legally and ethically required to disclose diabetes and all medical conditions on the health questionnaire at every plasma donation visit. Lying on or omitting information from the screening form can result in permanent deferral from the center and potentially from the entire chain. It may also have legal consequences. Centers check vital signs at every visit and may detect abnormalities that suggest undisclosed conditions. More importantly, hiding diabetes puts your own health at serious risk. If something goes wrong during donation and the staff does not know you have diabetes, they cannot respond appropriately. Honesty protects you, protects other donors, and protects the patients who will ultimately receive therapies made from your plasma.